Master Excel's decision-making and lookup functions through hands-on practice with real business scenarios.
Makes a decision: if the test is TRUE, returns one value; if FALSE, returns another. The backbone of conditional logic in Excel.
Evaluates multiple conditions in order. Returns the value paired with the first TRUE condition. Use TRUE as the last test for a default/"else" case.
AND requires all conditions to be true. OR requires at least one. Nest them inside IF to create complex multi-condition decision logic.
Searches the first column of a table for a value, then returns a value from a specified column in the same row. FALSE = exact match; TRUE = approximate match.
Like VLOOKUP but searches horizontally across the first row, then returns a value from a specified row. Useful when data tables are arranged in rows.
The modern replacement for VLOOKUP/HLOOKUP. Searches any column/row and returns from any other. Has a built-in error handler. Defaults to exact match.
INDEX returns a value at a specific row/column position. MATCH finds the position of a value. Together they form a powerful, flexible lookup that can search in any direction.
Wraps any formula — if it returns an error (#N/A, #VALUE!, etc.), IFERROR catches it and returns your fallback value instead. Essential for clean, user-friendly spreadsheets.
Converts a text string into an actual cell reference or named range. Enables dynamic table selection — for example, switching between "Priority" and "Express" shipping tables based on a cell value.
The ultimate dynamic lookup: INDIRECT selects which table to search, the first MATCH finds the row, and the second MATCH finds the column. INDEX then retrieves the value at that intersection.