Kanban WIP‑Limit Lab — CONWIP cards, flow time, and service

💡 Idea: WIP limits trade off throughput vs. lead time. Use cards to hit service targets with minimal WIP.
Instructor notes
  • Show Little’s Law: WIP ≈ TH × Lead. Increase K → WIP↑ → Lead↑, even if TH barely changes.
  • Use the 90th‑percentile SLA line to tune K. Aim for ≥90% on‑time with minimal WIP.
  • Discuss pull (CONWIP) vs. push: arrival backlog grows if λ>TH and K is tight.
Arrivals Completions WIP level

Throughput

Avg WIP

Avg Lead (hr)

P90 Lead (hr)

On‑time (≤SLA)

Revenue (H)

Cost (H)

Profit / Hr

Little’s Law check: Lead ≈ WIP / TH. Pull with K cards caps WIP → caps lead time.

Self‑tests — quick checks
Running…