Run two processes side by side — a coffee shop and a bottling line. Watch data stream in, spot assignable variation, decide when to intervene, and manage cost tradeoffs. Same statistics, different business realities.
Brew temp target: 200°F ± 5°F. A new barista, a dirty machine, or a rush of orders can knock things out of control. Intervention = retraining or recalibration (but the line goes down).
Fill volume target: 16.0 oz ± 0.3 oz. Worn nozzles, temperature changes, or material batches can shift the mean or increase variation. Intervention = recalibrate or replace parts.